Using the right kind of water is very important for growing plants that are bright and healthy, but it is often forgotten. Any water is better than none at all, but over time, some types of water can hurt plants. This article will talk about the different types of water that can be used for indoor and outdoor plants, how water affects plant growth, and easy ways to make the water better.
How Plants Use Water
Plants require water for four key functions
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To fill out cell structures in stems and leaves. Drooping leaves are a sign of cellular water loss.
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For photosynthesis to occur. Hydrogen comes from water and mixes with carbon dioxide to make sugars.
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As a medium to transport nutrients throughout the plant via capillary action.
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To complete the photosynthesis cycle through transpiration As moisture releases from leaves, it triggers more water uptake through the roots
Key Factors in Water Quality
Several elements in water can positively or negatively impact plant growth. Here are some of the main considerations
Hard Water
Water high in minerals like calcium, magnesium, sulfates and bicarbonates. Can leave mineral deposits that repel water absorption. Best to periodically flush soil with soft water.
Sodium
High sodium from water softeners causes toxicity. Avoid using softened water which replaces minerals with sodium.
Oxygen
Higher oxygen levels in water increase root growth. Cool water holds more oxygen than warm.
Temperature
Don’t use water colder than 70°F. Can shock plant growth, especially in tropical varieties.
Chlorine
High chlorine damages roots and kills beneficial soil bacteria. Let tap water sit out in the open overnight to get rid of the chlorine.
Fluoride
Even small amounts of fluoride can disrupt photosynthesis and damage leaves. Spider plants are especially sensitive.
Best Water Options for Plants
Tap Water
The most convenient but quality varies by municipality. Letting it sit out for 24 hours allows the chlorine to escape. Better to filter.
Filtered Water
Removes toxins while retaining minerals. Great for sensitive indoor plants prone to mineral buildup. Shower filters also produce clean water.
Rainwater
Excellent balance of minerals, if collected away from pollutants. Highest oxygen content promotes fast growth.
Bottled Spring Water
Nearly as natural as rainwater. Avoid mineral water with high sodium.
Distilled/Purified Water
Lacks nutrients so only use occasionally. Can cause mineral deficiencies long-term.
Softened Water
Avoid. The sodium content harms most plants. Use a hose bypass when watering outdoors.
Hard Water
Can be used for hardy outdoor plants. Avoid long-term for indoor plants prone to mineral deposits.
Aquarium Water
Nutrient-rich if from a freshwater tank. Rinse filters in old tank water rather than tap to retain beneficial bacteria.
Improving Water for Plants
If tap water is your only option, here are some ways to optimize it before watering:
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Let water sit in an open container for at least 24 hours to dissipate chlorine.
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Consider investing in faucet or pour-through filters which remove chlorine and heavy metals.
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Collect rainwater in barrels tied to drain spouts for future use. Just keep barrels clean.
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For outdoor plants, use a hose bypass to avoid water softening systems.
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Boil water for 15 minutes to remove chlorine, then let cool before applying.
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Create compost “tea” by soaking nutrient-rich food waste in water before straining and using.
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Mix collected rainwater with small amounts of tap for balanced minerals.
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Add fertilizers or compost to offset the lack of nutrients in distilled or purified water.
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Monitor plants for signs of water issues like leaf burn, brown spots, or drooping.
While any water hydrates plants, for optimal health choose rainwater, spring water or well-filtered tap water. Test for chlorine and sodium content. Avoid overabundant minerals. And enrich purified water with compost or fertilizers. Paying attention to water quality makes a big difference in growing thriving, vibrant plants.
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